Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/arbaidijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *arbaidijaną. Equivalent to *arbaiþi +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*arbaidijan

to work

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*arbaidijan
1st sg. past	*arbaididā
Infinitive	*arbaidijan
Genitive infin.	*arbaidijannjas
Dative infin.	*arbaidijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*arbaidijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*arbaidiju	*arbaididā
2nd singular	*arbaidisi	arbaididēs, arbaididōs
3rd singular	*arbaidiþi	arbaididē, arbaididā
1st plural	*arbaidijum	*arbaididum
2nd plural	*arbaidiþ	*arbaididud
3rd plural	*arbaidijanþ	*arbaididun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*arbaidijē	*arbaididī
2nd singular	*arbaidijēs	*arbaididī
3rd singular	*arbaidijē	*arbaididī
1st plural	*arbaidijēm	*arbaididīm
2nd plural	*arbaidijēþ	*arbaididīd
3rd plural	*arbaidijēn	*arbaididīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*arbaidi
Plural	*arbaidiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*arbaidijandī	*arbaidid

Related terms

*arbaidōn

Descendants

Old Saxon: arvēdian (“to offer”)
- Middle Low German: arbeiden (“to work”)
  - Low German: arbeiden, arbaiden
  - → Danish: arbejde
  - → Faroese: arbeiða
  - → Norwegian: arbeide, arbeida
  - → Old Swedish: arbeida, arbeta
    - Swedish: arbeta
Old Dutch: *arveiden, *arbeiden (attested as arvithen)
- Middle Dutch: arbeiden
  - Dutch: arbeiden
Old High German: arabeiten, arbeiten
- Middle High German: arebeiten, arbeiten
  - Bavarian: arwadn, arweddn, oaweddn, oaweitn, oaweidn, orbeita
    Cimbrian: arbatn, èrbatan
  - Kölsch: arbigge
  - German: arbeiten
  - Yiddish: אַרבעטן (arbetn)

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