< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/arfō

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; possibly inherited from Proto-Germanic *arfô[1],[2] or borrowed from Latin ervum.[3]

Noun

*arfō m

  1. chickweed

Inflection
Masculine an-stem
Singular
Nominative *arfō
Genitive *arfini, *arfan
Singular Plural
Nominative *arfō *arfan
Accusative *arfan *arfan
Genitive *arfini, *arfan *arfanō
Dative *arfini, *arfan *arfum
Instrumental *arfini, *arfan *arfum

Descendants
  • Old English: earfan pl
  • Old Frisian: *arfa
  • Old Saxon: *arfo
    • Middle Low German: *arfe
      • German Low German: Arf
      • →? Old Norse: arfi, ᛅᚱᚠᛁ (arfi); ᛅᚱᚠᛅ (arfa); ᛅᚱᚠᛅᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛆᚱᚠᛆᛦ (arfaʀ), ᛅᚱᚠᛅᚱ (arfar)
  • Old Dutch: *arfo
    • Middle Dutch: *erfe

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*arfan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*arfōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 25
  3. van Veen, P.A.F., van der Sijs, Nicoline (1997) “erf¹”, in Etymologisch woordenboek: de herkomst van onze woorden (in Dutch), 2nd edition, Utrecht, Antwerpen: Van Dale Lexicografie, →ISBN
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