Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwinisōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *hwīnan +‎ *-isōn.

Verb

*hwinisōn[1]

to whine

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*hwinisōn
1st sg. past	*hwinisōdā
Infinitive	*hwinisōn
Genitive infin.	*hwinisōnijas
Dative infin.	*hwinisōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*hwinisōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*hwinisō	*hwinisōdā
2nd singular	*hwinisōs	hwinisōdēs, hwinisōdōs
3rd singular	*hwinisōþ	hwinisōdē, hwinisōdā
1st plural	*hwinisōm	*hwinisōdum
2nd plural	*hwinisōþ	*hwinisōdud
3rd plural	*hwinisōnþ	*hwinisōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*hwinisō	*hwinisōdī
2nd singular	*hwinisōs	*hwinisōdī
3rd singular	*hwinisō	*hwinisōdī
1st plural	*hwinisōm	*hwinisōdīm
2nd plural	*hwinisōþ	*hwinisōdīd
3rd plural	*hwinisōn	*hwinisōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*hwinisō
Plural	*hwinisōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*hwinisōndī	*hwinisōd

Descendants

Old English: hwinsian
- Middle English: whinsen
  - English: whinge
  - Scots: quhynge, wheenge, whinge
Old Saxon: *winisōn, *winsōn
- Middle Low German: winsen
Old High German: winisōn, winsōn
- Middle High German: winsen
  - German: winsen
  - ⇒ Middle High German: winselen, winseln
    - German: winseln

References

Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 130: “PWGmc *hwinisōn”

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[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 130: “PWGmc *hwinisōn”