Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kweþan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kweþaną.

Verb

*kweþan

to say, speak

Inflection

Strong class 5
Infinitive	*kweþan
1st sg. past	*kwaþ
3rd pl. past	*kwādun
Past ptcple	*kwedan
Infinitive	*kweþan
Genitive infin.	*kweþannjas
Dative infin.	*kweþannjē
Instrum. infin.	*kweþannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*kweþu	*kwaþ
2nd singular	*kwiþiʀi	*kwādī
3rd singular	*kwiþidi	*kwaþ
1st plural	*kweþum	*kwādum
2nd plural	*kwiþid	*kwādud
3rd plural	*kweþand	*kwādun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*kweþē	*kwādī
2nd singular	*kweþēs	*kwādī
3rd singular	*kweþē	*kwādī
1st plural	*kweþēm	*kwādīm
2nd plural	*kweþēþ	*kwādīd
3rd plural	*kweþēn	*kwādīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*kwiþ
Plural	*kwiþid
	Present	Past
Participle	*kweþandī	*kwedan

Derived terms

*wiþikweþan

Descendants

Old English: cweþan, cweðan; cwoða
- Middle English: quethen, cwethen, cweþen, cweðen, queðen, qwethyn, qweþe, queþen, quethe, queþe, queden, cwæthen
  - English: quethe (obsolete except in past tense quoth)
  - Scots: quethe (noun)
  - Yola: co, quo
Old Frisian: quetha
- Saterland Frisian: kwede
Old Saxon: quethan, queþan, queðan
- Middle Low German: queden
Old Dutch: quethan
Old High German: quedan
- Middle High German: quëden
  - Cimbrian: khödan

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