Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/plōgijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *plōgijaną.

Verb

*plōgijan

to plough, plow

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*plōgijan
1st sg. past	*plōgidā
Infinitive	*plōgijan
Genitive infin.	*plōgijannjas
Dative infin.	*plōgijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*plōgijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*plōgiju	*plōgidā
2nd singular	*plōgisi	plōgidēs, plōgidōs
3rd singular	*plōgiþi	plōgidē, plōgidā
1st plural	*plōgijum	*plōgidum
2nd plural	*plōgiþ	*plōgidud
3rd plural	*plōgijanþ	*plōgidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*plōgijē	*plōgidī
2nd singular	*plōgijēs	*plōgidī
3rd singular	*plōgijē	*plōgidī
1st plural	*plōgijēm	*plōgidīm
2nd plural	*plōgijēþ	*plōgidīd
3rd plural	*plōgijēn	*plōgidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*plōgi
Plural	*plōgiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*plōgijandī	*plōgid

Descendants

Old Saxon: *plōgian
- Middle Low German: plȫgen
Old Dutch: *pluogen
- Middle Dutch: ploegen
  - Dutch: ploegen
  - Limburgish: plógke
Old High German: *pfluogen
- Middle High German: pflügen
  - German: pflügen
  - Rhine Franconian: pluge, pluje

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