< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/tūnijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *tūn (“a fence”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*tūnijan[1]

  1. to enclose, put a fence around

Inflection
Class 1 weak
Infinitive *tūnijan
1st sg. past *tūnidā
Infinitive *tūnijan
Genitive infin. *tūnijannjas
Dative infin. *tūnijannjē
Instrum. infin. *tūnijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *tūniju *tūnidā
2nd singular *tūnisi *tūnidēs, *tūnidōs
3rd singular *tūniþi *tūnidē, *tūnidā
1st plural *tūnijum *tūnidum
2nd plural *tūniþ *tūnidud
3rd plural *tūnijanþ *tūnidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *tūnijē *tūnidī
2nd singular *tūnijēs *tūnidī
3rd singular *tūnijē *tūnidī
1st plural *tūnijēm *tūnidīm
2nd plural *tūnijēþ *tūnidīd
3rd plural *tūnijēn *tūnidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *tūni
Plural *tūniþ
Present Past
Participle *tūnijandī *tūnid

Descendants
  • Old English: tȳnan
    • Middle English: tynen, tine, tuynen, tunen
      • English: tine, teen
      • Yola: tine, theene
  • Old Frisian: tēna
  • Old Saxon: *tūnian
  • Old Dutch: *tūnen
  • Old High German: zūnen
    • Middle High German: ziunen, zūnen
      • German: zäunen

References
  1. Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 224: “PWGmc *tūnijan”
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