dlúth

See also: dlùth

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Irish dlúth, from Proto-Celtic *dluti-, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly sharing a Proto-Indo-European root with Ancient Greek θλάω (thláō, “to bruise”); also compare φλάω (phláō).[2]

Adjective

dlúth (genitive singular masculine dlúith, genitive singular feminine dlúithe, plural dlútha, comparative dlúithe)

  1. close, compact
  2. dense, solid
  3. close, tight
  4. near
  5. intense, earnest
Declension
Declension of dlúth
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative dlúth dhlúth dlútha;
dhlútha²
Vocative dhlúith dlútha
Genitive dlúithe dlútha dlúth
Dative dlúth;
dhlúth¹		 dhlúth;
dhlúith (archaic)		 dlútha;
dhlútha²
Comparative níos dlúithe
Superlative is dlúithe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Alternative forms
  • dlúthach
Derived terms
  • ceirnín dlúth (“compact disc”)
  • dlúfar (“close-set, compact”, adjective)
  • dlús m (“compactness”)
  • dlúthacht f
  • dlúthaigh (“to compress”, verb)
  • dlúthbhaint f (“close contact”)
  • dlúthchaidreamh m (“close intimacy”)
  • dlúthchéimseata f (“solid geometry”)
  • dlútheagar m (“close order”)
  • dlúthógach (“solid”, adjective)
  • dlúthpháirtíochas m (“solidarism”)
  • dlúthpháirtíocht f (“solidarity”)
  • dlúthuillinn f (“solid angle”)

Noun

dlúth m (genitive singular dlúith)

  1. (weaving, etc.) warp
    Synonym: deilbh
Declension
Declension of dlúth

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative dlúth
Vocative a dhlúith
Genitive dlúith
Dative dlúth

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an dlúth
Genitive an dlúith
Dative leis an dlúth

don dlúth

Derived terms
  • dlúthadóir m (“warp-setter”)

References
  1. Finck, F. N. (1899) Die araner mundart (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 266
  2. MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “dlùth”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language‎, Stirling, →ISBN

Etymology 2

See dlúthaigh.

Verb

dlúth (present analytic dlúthann, future analytic dlúthfaidh, verbal noun dlúthadh, past participle dlúta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of dlúthaigh (“to compress, tighten”)
Conjugation
conjugation of dlúth (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present dlúthaim dlúthann tú;
dlúthair†		 dlúthann sé, sí dlúthaimid dlúthann sibh dlúthann siad;
dlúthaid†		 a dhlúthann; a dhlúthas /
a ndlúthann*; a ndlúthas*		 dlútar
past dhlúth mé; dhlúthas dhlúth tú; dhlúthais dhlúth sé, sí dhlúthamar; dhlúth muid dhlúth sibh; dhlúthabhair dhlúth siad; dhlúthadar a dhlúth /
ar dhlúth*		 dlúthadh
past habitual dhlúthainn / ndlúthainn‡‡ dhlútá / ndlútᇇ dhlúthadh sé, sí / ndlúthadh sé, s퇇 dhlúthaimis; dhlúthadh muid / ndlúthaimis‡‡; ndlúthadh muid‡‡ dhlúthadh sibh / ndlúthadh sibh‡‡ dhlúthaidís; dhlúthadh siad / ndlúthaidís‡‡; ndlúthadh siad‡‡ a dhlúthadh /
a ndlúthadh*		 dhlútaí / ndlúta퇇
future dlúthfaidh mé;
dlúthfad		 dlúthfaidh tú;
dlúthfair†		 dlúthfaidh sé, sí dlúthfaimid;
dlúthfaidh muid		 dlúthfaidh sibh dlúthfaidh siad;
dlúthfaid†		 a dhlúthfaidh; a dhlúthfas /
a ndlúthfaidh*; a ndlúthfas*		 dlúthfar
conditional dhlúthfainn / ndlúthfainn‡‡ dhlúthfá / ndlúthfᇇ dhlúthfadh sé, sí / ndlúthfadh sé, s퇇 dhlúthfaimis; dhlúthfadh muid / ndlúthfaimis‡‡; ndlúthfadh muid‡‡ dhlúthfadh sibh / ndlúthfadh sibh‡‡ dhlúthfaidís; dhlúthfadh siad / ndlúthfaidís‡‡; ndlúthfadh siad‡‡ a dhlúthfadh /
a ndlúthfadh*		 dhlúthfaí / ndlúthfa퇇
subjunctive present go ndlútha mé;
go ndlúthad†		 go ndlútha tú;
go ndlúthair†		 go ndlútha sé, sí go ndlúthaimid;
go ndlútha muid		 go ndlútha sibh go ndlútha siad;
go ndlúthaid†		 — go ndlútar
past dá ndlúthainn dá ndlútá dá ndlúthadh sé, sí dá ndlúthaimis;
dá ndlúthadh muid		 dá ndlúthadh sibh dá ndlúthaidís;
dá ndlúthadh siad		 — dá ndlútaí
imperative dlúthaim dlúth dlúthadh sé, sí dlúthaimis dlúthaigí;
dlúthaidh†		 dlúthaidís — dlútar
verbal noun dlúthadh
past participle dlúta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Noun

dlúth

  1. Alternative form of dlú

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
dlúth dhlúth ndlúth
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

References
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