doaisféna
Old Irish
Etymology
Prefixed with to- + ess-. Related to as·féna (“to swear, testify, attest to”). Their base ·féna is from Proto-Celtic *wetnati, from Proto-Indo-European *weth₂- (“to say”).[1]
Verb
do·aisféna (prototonic ·taisféna, verbal noun taisbénad)
- to show, exhibit
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18d7
- .i. narraui eis .i. do·airfenus doib dús imbed comrorcon and et ni robe.
- narravi eis, i.e. I reported it to them to see if by chance there might be error within, and there wasn't any.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18d7
Inflection
Complex, class A I present, s preterite, a subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | ·taisfentar | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Preterite | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | do·airfenus | dos·airfen (with infixed pronoun s-) | ||||||
| Prot. | ·tarfen | ||||||||
| Future | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Deut. | do·aisbena; do·airfena (ro-form) | |||||||
| Prot. | ·taisfena | ||||||||
| Past subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Imperative | taisfentar | ||||||||
| Verbal noun | taisbénad | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
Descendants
- Middle Irish: taisbénaid, taispénaid
- Irish: taispeáin
- Scottish Gaelic: taisbean
- Manx: taishbyn
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| do·aisféna | unchanged | do·n-aisféna |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*wet-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 418
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “doaisféna”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 517
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