kāposti
Latvian
Etymology
Borrowed from Old East Slavic капуста (kapusta) (cf. Russian капу́ста (kapústa)), itself a borrowing based on the merging of two Latin words, caputium (“head of cabbage”) and compos(i)ta (“compound vegetables”). This word must have been borrowed before the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as o. Its first occurrence is in 16th-century dictionaries.[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kàːpuôsti]
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Noun
kāposti m (1st declension)
- cabbage (a type of leafy vegetable, especially Brassica oleracea)
- audzēt kāpostus ― to grow cabbage
- kāpostu galviņa, kāpostgalviņa ― head of cabbage
- vārīt kāpostus ― to boil cabbage
- kāpostu pīrāgs ― cabbage pie
Usage notes
There is a singular form kāposts, only sporadically attested.
Declension
Declension of kāposti (1st declension)
| singular (vienskaitlis) | plural (daudzskaitlis) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (nominatīvs) | — | kāposti |
| accusative (akuzatīvs) | — | kāpostus |
| genitive (ģenitīvs) | — | kāpostu |
| dative (datīvs) | — | kāpostiem |
| instrumental (instrumentālis) | — | kāpostiem |
| locative (lokatīvs) | — | kāpostos |
| vocative (vokatīvs) | — | kāposti |
References
- Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “kāposti”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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