karānum

Akkadian
Root
k-r-n
1 term

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Semitic *karm- (“vineyard”), with irregular mutation from /m/ to /n/. Compare Arabic كَرْم (karm) and Biblical Hebrew כֶּרֶם (kɛ́rɛm).

Pronunciation

Noun

karānum m (from Old Assyrian/Old Babylonian on)

  1. wine
  2. grapevine, vine
  3. grapes

Alternative forms
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒃾 (GEŠTIN) (wine)
  • 𒃾𒈾 (GEŠTIN.NA) (wine)
  • 𒄑𒃾 (gišGEŠTIN) (vine)
  • 𒅗𒊏𒉡 (ka-ra-nu)
  • 𒆠𒊏𒉡𒌝 (ki-ra-nu-um)
  • 𒆠𒊏𒈾𒄠 (ki-ra-na-am) (accusative)
  • 𒅗𒊏𒉆 (ka-ra-nam) (accusative)
  • 𒆠𒊏𒉆 (ki-ra-nam) (accusative)
  • 𒅗𒊏𒉌𒄿𒅎 (ka-ra-ni-i-im) (genitive)
  • 𒅗𒊏𒉏 (ka-ra-nim) (genitive)
  • 𒂵𒊏𒉏 (ka₃-ra-nim) (genitive)
  • 𒆠𒊏𒉏 (ki-ra-nim) (genitive)

Derived terms
  • bīt karānim (“tavern, wine cellar”)
  • karānû (wine red; lapis lazuli)
  • rab karānim (“wine master”)

References
  • “karānu”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD)‎, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy, George, Andrew, Postgate, Nicholas (2000) “karānu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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