madrugar
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese madrugar, madurgar (the latter att. 13th. c., Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *mātūricāre, derived from Latin maturāre (“hurry”) (whence Galician madurar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [maðɾuˈɣaɾ]
Verb
madrugar (first-person singular present madrugo, first-person singular preterite madruguei, past participle madrugado)
Conjugation
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
References
- “madurgar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “madrug” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “madrugar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “madrugar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “madrugar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “madrugar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “madrugar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Portuguese
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese madrugar, madurgar, from Vulgar Latin *mātūricāre, derived from Latin maturāre (“hurry”) (whence Portuguese madurar).
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ma.dɾuˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ma.dɾuˈɡa(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ma.dɾuˈɡa(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ma.dɾuˈɡa(ʁ)/ [ma.dɾuˈɡa(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ma.dɾuˈɡa(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /mɐ.dɾuˈɡaɾ/ [mɐ.ðɾuˈɣaɾ]
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /mɐ.dɾuˈɡa.ɾi/ [mɐ.ðɾuˈɣa.ɾi]
- Hyphenation: ma‧dru‧gar
Verb
madrugar (first-person singular present madrugo, first-person singular preterite madruguei, past participle madrugado)
- to stay up at late nighttime (madrugada); to stay up all night
- to pull an all-nighter
Conjugation
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Derived terms
Spanish
Etymology
From Old Spanish madrugar, madurgar, from Vulgar Latin *mātūricāre, derived from Latin maturāre (“hurry”) (whence Spanish madurar).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /madɾuˈɡaɾ/ [ma.ð̞ɾuˈɣ̞aɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: ma‧dru‧gar
Verb
madrugar (first-person singular present madrugo, first-person singular preterite madrugué, past participle madrugado)
Conjugation
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
with infinitive madrugar | |||||||
dative | madrugarme | madrugarte | madrugarle, madrugarse | madrugarnos | madrugaros | madrugarles, madrugarse | |
accusative | madrugarme | madrugarte | madrugarlo, madrugarla, madrugarse | madrugarnos | madrugaros | madrugarlos, madrugarlas, madrugarse | |
with gerund madrugando | |||||||
dative | madrugándome | madrugándote | madrugándole, madrugándose | madrugándonos | madrugándoos | madrugándoles, madrugándose | |
accusative | madrugándome | madrugándote | madrugándolo, madrugándola, madrugándose | madrugándonos | madrugándoos | madrugándolos, madrugándolas, madrugándose | |
with informal second-person singular tú imperative madruga | |||||||
dative | madrúgame | madrúgate | madrúgale | madrúganos | not used | madrúgales | |
accusative | madrúgame | madrúgate | madrúgalo, madrúgala | madrúganos | not used | madrúgalos, madrúgalas | |
with informal second-person singular vos imperative madrugá | |||||||
dative | madrugame | madrugate | madrugale | madruganos | not used | madrugales | |
accusative | madrugame | madrugate | madrugalo, madrugala | madruganos | not used | madrugalos, madrugalas | |
with formal second-person singular imperative madrugue | |||||||
dative | madrúgueme | not used | madrúguele, madrúguese | madrúguenos | not used | madrúgueles | |
accusative | madrúgueme | not used | madrúguelo, madrúguela, madrúguese | madrúguenos | not used | madrúguelos, madrúguelas | |
with first-person plural imperative madruguemos | |||||||
dative | not used | madruguémoste | madruguémosle | madruguémonos | madruguémoos | madruguémosles | |
accusative | not used | madruguémoste | madruguémoslo, madruguémosla | madruguémonos | madruguémoos | madruguémoslos, madruguémoslas | |
with informal second-person plural imperative madrugad | |||||||
dative | madrugadme | not used | madrugadle | madrugadnos | madrugaos | madrugadles | |
accusative | madrugadme | not used | madrugadlo, madrugadla | madrugadnos | madrugaos | madrugadlos, madrugadlas | |
with formal second-person plural imperative madruguen | |||||||
dative | madrúguenme | not used | madrúguenle | madrúguennos | not used | madrúguenles, madrúguense | |
accusative | madrúguenme | not used | madrúguenlo, madrúguenla | madrúguennos | not used | madrúguenlos, madrúguenlas, madrúguense |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “madrugar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014