mennä
See also: menna
Finnish
Alternative forms
- männä (dialectal, Eastern Finnish)
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *mendäk, from Proto-Uralic *mene-. Cognates include Karelian männä, Estonian minna, Hungarian menni.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmenːæˣ/, [ˈme̞nːæ(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -enːæ
- Syllabification(key): men‧nä
Verb
mennä
- (intransitive) to go (to do = illative of the third infinitive) (move away from a point of reference)
- mennä nukkumaan ― to go to sleep, go to bed
- mennä liian pitkälle ― to go too far
- mennä kalastamaan järvelle ― to go to fish at the lake
- mennä kahville ― to go for a coffee
- (intransitive) to go, extend
- (intransitive) to go, lead (of a path, etc.)
- (intransitive) to go, turn out, proceed
- Synonym: sujua
- Sehän meni ihan hyvin.
- That actually went quite well.
- (intransitive) to go, enter, get, begin, start (+ illative (nouns), translative (adjectives) or adverb) (general verb for describing entering some kind of state)
- mennä töihin ― to go to work, enter the workforce
- mennä myyntiin ― to go on sale
- mennä lakkoon ― to go on strike
- mennä kihloihin ― to get engaged/betrothed
- mennä poikki ― to snap in half/into pieces
- mennä hankalaksi ― to get difficult/tricky/complicated
- (impersonal + illative) to be spent; take, pass, spend, go (time, resources, etc.) (see usage notes)
- Synonym: kulua
- Hyllyn kokoamiseen meni tunnin verran.
- Assembling the shelf took an hour.
- Siihen olisi voinut mennä kaksikin tuntia.
- It could've taken two hours.
- (auxiliary) to go (and [do]) (+ illative of the third infinitive) (do an action, implying that someone should be criticized for doing it)
- Miksi sinä menit sellaista tekemään?
- Why did you go and do that?
- to go, fit (in/into = illative)
- (intransitive, colloquial) to do, be good enough
- (intransitive, informal) to sell
- Synonyms: myydä, mennä kaupaksi
Usage notes
- (to be spent; take, pass, spend):
- This usage is intransitive and never receives a direct object. That which is spent is grammatically the subject despite it usually being placed after the verb, like in the usage examples above. The fact that it is a subject can be seen in that it exhibits the nominative case:
- Siihen meni tunti.
- It took an hour.
- In the first usage example, verran is used, and the verb thus neither has a subject nor an object.
- What the resources are spent on (the subject for take) is expressed in the illative case (for verbs, the illative case of the -minen or other action noun) and is often placed before the verb, as if it were a subject.
- This usage is intransitive and never receives a direct object. That which is spent is grammatically the subject despite it usually being placed after the verb, like in the usage examples above. The fact that it is a subject can be seen in that it exhibits the nominative case:
Conjugation
Inflection of mennä (Kotus type 67/tulla, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | menen | en mene | 1st sing. | olen mennyt | en ole mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | menet | et mene | 2nd sing. | olet mennyt | et ole mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | menee | ei mene | 3rd sing. | on mennyt | ei ole mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | menemme | emme mene | 1st plur. | olemme menneet | emme ole menneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | menette | ette mene | 2nd plur. | olette menneet | ette ole menneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | menevät | eivät mene | 3rd plur. | ovat menneet | eivät ole menneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | mennään | ei mennä | passive | on menty | ei ole menty | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | menin | en mennyt | 1st sing. | olin mennyt | en ollut mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | menit | et mennyt | 2nd sing. | olit mennyt | et ollut mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | meni | ei mennyt | 3rd sing. | oli mennyt | ei ollut mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | menimme | emme menneet | 1st plur. | olimme menneet | emme olleet menneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | menitte | ette menneet | 2nd plur. | olitte menneet | ette olleet menneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | menivät | eivät menneet | 3rd plur. | olivat menneet | eivät olleet menneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | mentiin | ei menty | passive | oli menty | ei ollut menty | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | menisin | en menisi | 1st sing. | olisin mennyt | en olisi mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | menisit | et menisi | 2nd sing. | olisit mennyt | et olisi mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | menisi | ei menisi | 3rd sing. | olisi mennyt | ei olisi mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | menisimme | emme menisi | 1st plur. | olisimme menneet | emme olisi menneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | menisitte | ette menisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte menneet | ette olisi menneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | menisivät | eivät menisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat menneet | eivät olisi menneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | mentäisiin | ei mentäisi | passive | olisi menty | ei olisi menty | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | mene | älä mene | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | menköön | älköön menkö | 3rd sing. | olkoon mennyt | älköön olko mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | menkäämme | älkäämme menkö | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | menkää | älkää menkö | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | menkööt | älkööt menkö | 3rd plur. | olkoot menneet | älkööt olko menneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | mentäköön | älköön mentäkö | passive | olkoon menty | älköön olko menty | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | mennen | en menne | 1st sing. | lienen mennyt | en liene mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | mennet | et menne | 2nd sing. | lienet mennyt | et liene mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | mennee | ei menne | 3rd sing. | lienee mennyt | ei liene mennyt | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | mennemme | emme menne | 1st plur. | lienemme menneet | emme liene menneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | mennette | ette menne | 2nd plur. | lienette menneet | ette liene menneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | mennevät | eivät menne | 3rd plur. | lienevät menneet | eivät liene menneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | mentäneen | ei mentäne | passive | lienee menty | ei liene menty | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | mennä | present | menevä | mentävä | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | mennyt | menty | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | mennessä | mentäessä | agent3 | menemä | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | menemätön | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | mennen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | menemässä | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | menemästä | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | menemään | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | menemällä | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | menemättä | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | menemän | mentämän | |||||||||||||||||||
4th4 | verbal noun | meneminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
|
Colloquially, the present stem mene- may be replaced in some forms with mee-:
Derived terms
adverbs
nouns
phrases
- mennä hukkaan (“to go to waste”)
- mennä kaupaksi (“to sell (well)”)
- mennä kihloihin (“to get engaged”)
- mennä manan majoille (“to pass away”)
- mennä naimisiin (“to get married”)
- mennä rikki (“to break down”)
postpositions
verbs
Further reading
- “mennä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Livvi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmenʲːæ/
- Hyphenation: men‧nä
- Rhymes: -enʲːæ
Verb
mennä
References
- N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 3
- Tatjana Boiko (2019) “mennä”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN
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