rascar

Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre, a frequentative verb based on Latin rāsus (“shaven”).

Pronunciation

Verb

rascar (first-person singular present rasco, first-person singular preterite rasquí, past participle rascat)

  1. (transitive) to scrape (off) (remove something from a surface)
    Synonym: gratar
  2. (intransitive) to be scratchy
  3. (intransitive) to make a grating sound

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rascar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)
infinitive rascar
gerund rascant
past participle masculine feminine
singular rascat rascada
plural rascats rascades
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present rasco rasques rasca rasquem rasqueu rasquen
imperfect rascava rascaves rascava rascàvem rascàveu rascaven
future rascaré rascaràs rascarà rascarem rascareu rascaran
preterite rasquí rascares rascà rascàrem rascàreu rascaren
conditional rascaria rascaries rascaria rascaríem rascaríeu rascarien
subjunctive jo tu ell/ella
vostè		 nosaltres
nós		 vosaltres
vós		 ells/elles
vostès
present rasqui rasquis rasqui rasquem rasqueu rasquin
imperfect rasqués rasquessis rasqués rasquéssim rasquéssiu rasquessin
imperative — tu vostè nosaltres vosaltres
vós		 vostès
affirmative — rasca rasqui rasquem rasqueu rasquin
negative (no) — no rasquis no rasqui no rasquem no rasqueu no rasquin

Derived terms

References

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese rascar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre, a frequentative verb based on Latin rāsus (“shaven”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [rasˈkaɾ]

Verb

rascar (first-person singular present rasco, first-person singular preterite rasquei, past participle rascado)

  1. to scratch
    Synonyms: cozar, fregar, rañar
  2. to scrape
    Synonym: raspar
  3. to claw
    Synonym: rabuñar
  4. to peel (potatoes)
  5. to groom, to currycomb

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rascar (c-qu alternation)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti)		 Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal rascar
Personal rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascaren
Gerund
rascando
Past participle
Masculine rascado rascados
Feminine rascada rascadas
Indicative
Present rasco rascas rasca rascamos rascades rascan
Imperfect rascaba rascabas rascaba rascabamos rascabades rascaban
Preterite rasquei rascaches rascou rascamos rascastes rascaron
Pluperfect rascara rascaras rascara rascaramos rascarades rascaran
Future rascarei rascarás rascará rascaremos rascaredes rascarán
Conditional rascaría rascarías rascaría rascariamos rascariades rascarían
Subjunctive
Present rasque rasques rasque rasquemos rasquedes rasquen
Imperfect rascase rascases rascase rascásemos rascásedes rascasen
Future rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascaren
Imperative
Affirmative rasca rasque rasquemos rascade rasquen
Negative (non) non rasques non rasque non rasquemos non rasquedes non rasquen
    Reintegrated conjugation of rascar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(ti / tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal rascar
Personal rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascarem
Gerund
rascando
Past participle
Masculine rascado rascados
Feminine rascada rascadas
Indicative
Present rasco rascas rasca rascamos rascades, rascais rascam
Imperfect rascava rascavas rascava rascávamos rascávades, rascáveis, rascávais1 rascavam
Preterite rasquei rascaste, rascache1 rascou rascamos rascastes rascárom, rascaram
Pluperfect rascara rascaras rascara rascáramos rascárades, rascáreis, rascárais1 rascaram
Future rascarei rascarás rascará rascaremos rascaredes, rascareis rascarám, rascarão
Conditional rascaria rascarias rascaria rascaríamos rascaríades, rascaríeis, rascaríais1 rascariam
Subjunctive
Present rasque rasques rasque rasquemos rasquedes, rasqueis rasquem
Imperfect rascasse rascasses rascasse rascássemos rascássedes, rascásseis rascassem
Future rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascarem
Imperative
Affirmative rasca rasque rasquemos rascade, rascai rasquem
Negative (nom) nom rasques nom rasque nom rasquemos nom rasquedes, nom rasqueis nom rasquem

1Less recommended.

Derived terms

References
  • “rascar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “rasc” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “rascar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “rascar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
  • “rascar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “rascar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
  • “rascar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese rascar, from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre, a frequentative verb based on Latin rāsus (“shaven”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁasˈka(ʁ)/ [hasˈka(h)]
    • (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ʁasˈka(ɾ)/ [hasˈka(ɾ)]
    • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ʁaʃˈka(ʁ)/ [χaʃˈka(χ)]
    • (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʁasˈka(ɻ)/ [hasˈka(ɻ)]
 
  • (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɐʃˈkaɾ/
    • (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /ʁɐʃˈka.ɾi/

Verb

rascar (first-person singular present rasco, first-person singular preterite rasquei, past participle rascado)

  1. to scrape (draw a sharp object along a surface)
    Synonym: raspar

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rascar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu)		 Second-person
(tu)		 Third-person
(ele / ela / você)		 First-person
(nós)		 Second-person
(vós)		 Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal rascar
Personal rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascarem
Gerund
rascando
Past participle
Masculine rascado rascados
Feminine rascada rascadas
Indicative
Present rasco rascas rasca rascamos rascais rascam
Imperfect rascava rascavas rascava rascávamos rascáveis rascavam
Preterite rasquei rascaste rascou rascamos1, rascámos2 rascastes rascaram
Pluperfect rascara rascaras rascara rascáramos rascáreis rascaram
Future rascarei rascarás rascará rascaremos rascareis rascarão
Conditional rascaria rascarias rascaria rascaríamos rascaríeis rascariam
Subjunctive
Present rasque rasques rasque rasquemos rasqueis rasquem
Imperfect rascasse rascasses rascasse rascássemos rascásseis rascassem
Future rascar rascares rascar rascarmos rascardes rascarem
Imperative
Affirmative rasca rasque rasquemos rascai rasquem
Negative (não) não rasques não rasque não rasquemos não rasqueis não rasquem

1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.

See also

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Spanish rascar, from Vulgar Latin *rāsicāre, a frequentative verb based on Latin rāsus (“shaven”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /rasˈkaɾ/ [rasˈkaɾ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: ras‧car

Verb

rascar (first-person singular present rasco, first-person singular preterite rasqué, past participle rascado)

  1. to scratch
    Synonym: rayar
  2. (reflexive, colloquial) to get drunk
  3. to scrape (to play awkwardly and inharmoniously on a violin or similar instrument)

Conjugation
    Conjugation of rascar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive rascar
gerund rascando
past participle masculine feminine
singular rascado rascada
plural rascados rascadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present rasco rascastú
rascásvos		 rasca rascamos rascáis rascan
imperfect rascaba rascabas rascaba rascábamos rascabais rascaban
preterite rasqué rascaste rascó rascamos rascasteis rascaron
future rascaré rascarás rascará rascaremos rascaréis rascarán
conditional rascaría rascarías rascaría rascaríamos rascaríais rascarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present rasque rasquestú
rasquésvos2		 rasque rasquemos rasquéis rasquen
imperfect
(ra)		 rascara rascaras rascara rascáramos rascarais rascaran
imperfect
(se)		 rascase rascases rascase rascásemos rascaseis rascasen
future1 rascare rascares rascare rascáremos rascareis rascaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative rascatú
rascávos		 rasque rasquemos rascad rasquen
negative no rasques no rasque no rasquemos no rasquéis no rasquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of rascar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive rascar
dative rascarme rascarte rascarle, rascarse rascarnos rascaros rascarles, rascarse
accusative rascarme rascarte rascarlo, rascarla, rascarse rascarnos rascaros rascarlos, rascarlas, rascarse
with gerund rascando
dative rascándome rascándote rascándole, rascándose rascándonos rascándoos rascándoles, rascándose
accusative rascándome rascándote rascándolo, rascándola, rascándose rascándonos rascándoos rascándolos, rascándolas, rascándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative rasca
dative ráscame ráscate ráscale ráscanos not used ráscales
accusative ráscame ráscate ráscalo, ráscala ráscanos not used ráscalos, ráscalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative rascá
dative rascame rascate rascale rascanos not used rascales
accusative rascame rascate rascalo, rascala rascanos not used rascalos, rascalas
with formal second-person singular imperative rasque
dative rásqueme not used rásquele, rásquese rásquenos not used rásqueles
accusative rásqueme not used rásquelo, rásquela, rásquese rásquenos not used rásquelos, rásquelas
with first-person plural imperative rasquemos
dative not used rasquémoste rasquémosle rasquémonos rasquémoos rasquémosles
accusative not used rasquémoste rasquémoslo, rasquémosla rasquémonos rasquémoos rasquémoslos, rasquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative rascad
dative rascadme not used rascadle rascadnos rascaos rascadles
accusative rascadme not used rascadlo, rascadla rascadnos rascaos rascadlos, rascadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative rasquen
dative rásquenme not used rásquenle rásquennos not used rásquenles, rásquense
accusative rásquenme not used rásquenlo, rásquenla rásquennos not used rásquenlos, rásquenlas, rásquense

Derived terms

See also

Further reading
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