sḏr

See also: sdr and SDR

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to lie down
    • c. 2353 BCE – 2323 BCE, Pyramid Texts of Unas — gable of the west wall of the burial chamber, line 4–5, spell 226.3:[1]



      tꜣ j.ꜥm n.k prt jm.k hjw sḏr zbn
      Earth, swallow up into yourself what has emerged from you! Hiu-serpent, lie down, crawl away!
    • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 41–45:













      jr.n.j ḫmtw hrw wꜥ.kw jb.j m snnw.j sḏr.kw m ẖnw n(j) kꜣp n(j) ḫt qnj.n.j šwyt
      I spent three days alone, my heart my only companion (literally, “my second”), lying inside a shelter of wood, having embraced the shadows.
  2. (intransitive) to go to bed for the night, to go to sleep
    • c. 1944 BCE, (year 17 of the reign of Senusret I), Stela of Mentuwoser (MMA 12.184), lines 11–12:




      nj sḏr z ḥqr.w r dmj.j
      No one went to bed hungry in my district.
  3. (intransitive) to spend the night

Usage notes

This verb is often used with a following adverb clause introduced by a stative without a preceding subject; the subject of this stative is then ordinarily identical with the subject of sḏr.

Inflection
Conjugation of sḏr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sḏr, geminated stem: sḏrr
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
sḏr
 sḏrw, sḏr
 sḏrt
 sḏr
 sḏr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
sḏr
 ḥr sḏr
 m sḏr
 r sḏr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect sḏr.n
 consecutive sḏr.jn
terminative sḏrt
perfective3 sḏr
 obligative1 sḏr.ḫr
imperfective sḏr
prospective3 sḏr
 potentialis1 sḏr.kꜣ
subjunctive sḏr
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect sḏr.n
 — —
perfective sḏr
 sḏr
 sḏr, sḏrw5, sḏry5
imperfective sḏr, sḏry, sḏrw5
 sḏr, sḏrj6, sḏry6
 sḏr, sḏrw5
prospective sḏr, sḏrtj7
 sḏrtj4, sḏrt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

Noun

 m

  1. sleeper

Inflection
Declension of sḏr (masculine)
singular sḏr
dual sḏrwj
plural sḏrw

References
  1. Allen, James (2013) A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts, volume I, Providence: Brown University, PT 226.3 (Pyr. 225c), W
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