scíath

See also: sciath

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *skētos (compare Breton skoed (“shield”)), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to cut, separate”). Compare Latin scūtum, Old Church Slavonic щитъ (štitŭ).[1][2]

Noun

scíath m or f

  1. shield, buckler
  2. (by extension) warrior
  3. protection, defense, safeguard
  4. protector, guardian
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative scíath scíathL scéithL
Vocative scéith scíathL scíathuH
Accusative scíathN scíathL scíathuH
Genitive scéithL scíath scíathN
Dative scíathL scíathaib scíathaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
  • Irish: sciath
  • Scottish Gaelic: sgiath

Etymology 2

The final th (/θ/) was modified from d (/ð/) sometime in the prehistory of Old Irish under the influence of scíath (“shield”) above. From Proto-Celtic *skēdos (“wing, shoulder”). Cognate with Welsh ysgwydd (“shoulder”), Breton skoaz (“shoulder”), and Cornish skoodh (“shoulder”)[3][4]

Noun

scíath m

  1. wing
Inflection
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative scíath scíathL scéithL
Vocative scéith scíathL scíathuH
Accusative scíathN scíathL scíathuH
Genitive scéithL scíath scíathN
Dative scíathL scíathaib scíathaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
Descendants

References
  1. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*scēto-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96) “1 scíath”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume S, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, page S-43
  3. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*scēdo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
  4. Vendryes, Joseph (1959–96) “2 scíath”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume S, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, pages S-43-44

Further reading
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