thatha

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

to take

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

to take
to marry

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

to take

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata. The proposed semantic change is from "choose" (see -tha) to "take".

Verb

-thátha

to take, receive, lay hold of
to begin, commence
to keep
to marry, take a wife

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukuthatha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuthatha	ukungathathi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	thatha	-thathe
Plural	thathani	-thatheni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyathatha, ngithatha	engithathayo, engithatha	ngithatha	angithathi	engingathathi	ngingathathi
2nd singular	uyathatha, uthatha	othathayo, othatha	uthatha	awuthathi	ongathathi	ungathathi
1st plural	siyathatha, sithatha	esithathayo, esithatha	sithatha	asithathi	esingathathi	singathathi
2nd plural	niyathatha, nithatha	enithathayo, enithatha	nithatha	anithathi	eningathathi	ningathathi
Class 1	uyathatha, uthatha	othathayo, othatha	ethatha	akathathi	ongathathi	engathathi
Class 2	bayathatha, bathatha	abathathayo, abathatha	bethatha	abathathi	abangathathi	bengathathi
Class 3	uyathatha, uthatha	othathayo, othatha	uthatha	awuthathi	ongathathi	ungathathi
Class 4	iyathatha, ithatha	ethathayo, ethatha	ithatha	ayithathi	engathathi	ingathathi
Class 5	liyathatha, lithatha	elithathayo, elithatha	lithatha	alithathi	elingathathi	lingathathi
Class 6	ayathatha, athatha	athathayo, athatha	ethatha	awathathi	angathathi	engathathi
Class 7	siyathatha, sithatha	esithathayo, esithatha	sithatha	asithathi	esingathathi	singathathi
Class 8	ziyathatha, zithatha	ezithathayo, ezithatha	zithatha	azithathi	ezingathathi	zingathathi
Class 9	iyathatha, ithatha	ethathayo, ethatha	ithatha	ayithathi	engathathi	ingathathi
Class 10	ziyathatha, zithatha	ezithathayo, ezithatha	zithatha	azithathi	ezingathathi	zingathathi
Class 11	luyathatha, luthatha	oluthathayo, oluthatha	luthatha	aluthathi	olungathathi	lungathathi
Class 14	buyathatha, buthatha	obuthathayo, obuthatha	buthatha	abuthathi	obungathathi	bungathathi
Class 15	kuyathatha, kuthatha	okuthathayo, okuthatha	kuthatha	akuthathi	okungathathi	kungathathi
Class 17	kuyathatha, kuthatha	okuthathayo, okuthatha	kuthatha	akuthathi	okungathathi	kungathathi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngithathile, ngithathē	engithathile, engithathē	ngithathile, ngithathē	angithathanga	engingathathanga	ngingathathanga
2nd singular	uthathile, uthathē	othathile, othathē	uthathile, uthathē	awuthathanga	ongathathanga	ungathathanga
1st plural	sithathile, sithathē	esithathile, esithathē	sithathile, sithathē	asithathanga	esingathathanga	singathathanga
2nd plural	nithathile, nithathē	enithathile, enithathē	nithathile, nithathē	anithathanga	eningathathanga	ningathathanga
Class 1	uthathile, uthathē	othathile, othathē	ethathile, ethathē	akathathanga	ongathathanga	engathathanga
Class 2	bathathile, bathathē	abathathile, abathathē	bethathile, bethathē	abathathanga	abangathathanga	bengathathanga
Class 3	uthathile, uthathē	othathile, othathē	uthathile, uthathē	awuthathanga	ongathathanga	ungathathanga
Class 4	ithathile, ithathē	ethathile, ethathē	ithathile, ithathē	ayithathanga	engathathanga	ingathathanga
Class 5	lithathile, lithathē	elithathile, elithathē	lithathile, lithathē	alithathanga	elingathathanga	lingathathanga
Class 6	athathile, athathē	athathile, athathē	ethathile, ethathē	awathathanga	angathathanga	engathathanga
Class 7	sithathile, sithathē	esithathile, esithathē	sithathile, sithathē	asithathanga	esingathathanga	singathathanga
Class 8	zithathile, zithathē	ezithathile, ezithathē	zithathile, zithathē	azithathanga	ezingathathanga	zingathathanga
Class 9	ithathile, ithathē	ethathile, ethathē	ithathile, ithathē	ayithathanga	engathathanga	ingathathanga
Class 10	zithathile, zithathē	ezithathile, ezithathē	zithathile, zithathē	azithathanga	ezingathathanga	zingathathanga
Class 11	luthathile, luthathē	oluthathile, oluthathē	luthathile, luthathē	aluthathanga	olungathathanga	lungathathanga
Class 14	buthathile, buthathē	obuthathile, obuthathē	buthathile, buthathē	abuthathanga	obungathathanga	bungathathanga
Class 15	kuthathile, kuthathē	okuthathile, okuthathē	kuthathile, kuthathē	akuthathanga	okungathathanga	kungathathanga
Class 17	kuthathile, kuthathē	okuthathile, okuthathē	kuthathile, kuthathē	akuthathanga	okungathathanga	kungathathanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāthatha	engāthatha	ngāthatha	angithathanga	engingathathanga	ngingathathanga
2nd singular	wāthatha	owāthatha	wāthatha	awuthathanga	ongathathanga	ungathathanga
1st plural	sāthatha	esāthatha	sāthatha	asithathanga	esingathathanga	singathathanga
2nd plural	nāthatha	enāthatha	nāthatha	anithathanga	eningathathanga	ningathathanga
Class 1	wāthatha	owāthatha	āthatha	akathathanga	ongathathanga	engathathanga
Class 2	bāthatha	abāthatha	bāthatha	abathathanga	abangathathanga	bengathathanga
Class 3	wāthatha	owāthatha	wāthatha	awuthathanga	ongathathanga	ungathathanga
Class 4	yāthatha	eyāthatha	yāthatha	ayithathanga	engathathanga	ingathathanga
Class 5	lāthatha	elāthatha	lāthatha	alithathanga	elingathathanga	lingathathanga
Class 6	āthatha	āthatha	āthatha	awathathanga	angathathanga	engathathanga
Class 7	sāthatha	esāthatha	sāthatha	asithathanga	esingathathanga	singathathanga
Class 8	zāthatha	ezāthatha	zāthatha	azithathanga	ezingathathanga	zingathathanga
Class 9	yāthatha	eyāthatha	yāthatha	ayithathanga	engathathanga	ingathathanga
Class 10	zāthatha	ezāthatha	zāthatha	azithathanga	ezingathathanga	zingathathanga
Class 11	lwāthatha	olwāthatha	lwāthatha	aluthathanga	olungathathanga	lungathathanga
Class 14	bāthatha	obāthatha	bāthatha	abuthathanga	obungathathanga	bungathathanga
Class 15	kwāthatha	okwāthatha	kwāthatha	akuthathanga	okungathathanga	kungathathanga
Class 17	kwāthatha	okwāthatha	kwāthatha	akuthathanga	okungathathanga	kungathathanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingathatha	—	ngingathatha	ngingethathe	—	ngingethathe
2nd singular	ungathatha	—	ungathatha	ungethathe	—	ungethathe
1st plural	singathatha	—	singathatha	singethathe	—	singethathe
2nd plural	ningathatha	—	ningathatha	ningethathe	—	ningethathe
Class 1	angathatha	—	engathatha	angethathe	—	engethathe
Class 2	bangathatha	—	bengathatha	bangethathe	—	bengethathe
Class 3	ungathatha	—	ungathatha	ungethathe	—	ungethathe
Class 4	ingathatha	—	ingathatha	ingethathe	—	ingethathe
Class 5	lingathatha	—	lingathatha	lingethathe	—	lingethathe
Class 6	angathatha	—	engathatha	angethathe	—	engethathe
Class 7	singathatha	—	singathatha	singethathe	—	singethathe
Class 8	zingathatha	—	zingathatha	zingethathe	—	zingethathe
Class 9	ingathatha	—	ingathatha	ingethathe	—	ingethathe
Class 10	zingathatha	—	zingathatha	zingethathe	—	zingethathe
Class 11	lungathatha	—	lungathatha	lungethathe	—	lungethathe
Class 14	bungathatha	—	bungathatha	bungethathe	—	bungethathe
Class 15	kungathatha	—	kungathatha	kungethathe	—	kungethathe
Class 17	kungathatha	—	kungathatha	kungethathe	—	kungethathe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizothatha	engizothatha	ngizothatha	angizuthatha	engingezuthatha	ngingezuthatha
2nd singular	uzothatha	ozothatha	uzothatha	awuzuthatha	ongezuthatha	ungezuthatha
1st plural	sizothatha	esizothatha	sizothatha	asizuthatha	esingezuthatha	singezuthatha
2nd plural	nizothatha	enizothatha	nizothatha	anizuthatha	eningezuthatha	ningezuthatha
Class 1	uzothatha	ozothatha	ezothatha	akazuthatha	ongezuthatha	engezuthatha
Class 2	bazothatha	abazothatha	bezothatha	abazuthatha	abangezuthatha	bengezuthatha
Class 3	uzothatha	ozothatha	uzothatha	awuzuthatha	ongezuthatha	ungezuthatha
Class 4	izothatha	ezothatha	izothatha	ayizuthatha	engezuthatha	ingezuthatha
Class 5	lizothatha	elizothatha	lizothatha	alizuthatha	elingezuthatha	lingezuthatha
Class 6	azothatha	azothatha	ezothatha	awazuthatha	angezuthatha	engezuthatha
Class 7	sizothatha	esizothatha	sizothatha	asizuthatha	esingezuthatha	singezuthatha
Class 8	zizothatha	ezizothatha	zizothatha	azizuthatha	ezingezuthatha	zingezuthatha
Class 9	izothatha	ezothatha	izothatha	ayizuthatha	engezuthatha	ingezuthatha
Class 10	zizothatha	ezizothatha	zizothatha	azizuthatha	ezingezuthatha	zingezuthatha
Class 11	luzothatha	oluzothatha	luzothatha	aluzuthatha	olungezuthatha	lungezuthatha
Class 14	buzothatha	obuzothatha	buzothatha	abuzuthatha	obungezuthatha	bungezuthatha
Class 15	kuzothatha	okuzothatha	kuzothatha	akuzuthatha	okungezuthatha	kungezuthatha
Class 17	kuzothatha	okuzothatha	kuzothatha	akuzuthatha	okungezuthatha	kungezuthatha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyothatha	engiyothatha	ngiyothatha	angiyuthatha	engingeyuthatha	ngingeyuthatha
2nd singular	uyothatha	oyothatha	uyothatha	awuyuthatha	ongeyuthatha	ungeyuthatha
1st plural	siyothatha	esiyothatha	siyothatha	asiyuthatha	esingeyuthatha	singeyuthatha
2nd plural	niyothatha	eniyothatha	niyothatha	aniyuthatha	eningeyuthatha	ningeyuthatha
Class 1	uyothatha	oyothatha	eyothatha	akayuthatha	ongeyuthatha	engeyuthatha
Class 2	bayothatha	abayothatha	beyothatha	abayuthatha	abangeyuthatha	bengeyuthatha
Class 3	uyothatha	oyothatha	uyothatha	awuyuthatha	ongeyuthatha	ungeyuthatha
Class 4	iyothatha	eyothatha	iyothatha	ayiyuthatha	engeyuthatha	ingeyuthatha
Class 5	liyothatha	eliyothatha	liyothatha	aliyuthatha	elingeyuthatha	lingeyuthatha
Class 6	ayothatha	ayothatha	eyothatha	awayuthatha	angeyuthatha	engeyuthatha
Class 7	siyothatha	esiyothatha	siyothatha	asiyuthatha	esingeyuthatha	singeyuthatha
Class 8	ziyothatha	eziyothatha	ziyothatha	aziyuthatha	ezingeyuthatha	zingeyuthatha
Class 9	iyothatha	eyothatha	iyothatha	ayiyuthatha	engeyuthatha	ingeyuthatha
Class 10	ziyothatha	eziyothatha	ziyothatha	aziyuthatha	ezingeyuthatha	zingeyuthatha
Class 11	luyothatha	oluyothatha	luyothatha	aluyuthatha	olungeyuthatha	lungeyuthatha
Class 14	buyothatha	obuyothatha	buyothatha	abuyuthatha	obungeyuthatha	bungeyuthatha
Class 15	kuyothatha	okuyothatha	kuyothatha	akuyuthatha	okungeyuthatha	kungeyuthatha
Class 17	kuyothatha	okuyothatha	kuyothatha	akuyuthatha	okungeyuthatha	kungeyuthatha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngithathe	ngingathathi
2nd singular	uthathe	ungathathi
1st plural	sithathe	singathathi
2nd plural	nithathe	ningathathi
Class 1	athathe	angathathi
Class 2	bathathe	bangathathi
Class 3	uthathe	ungathathi
Class 4	ithathe	ingathathi
Class 5	lithathe	lingathathi
Class 6	athathe	angathathi
Class 7	sithathe	singathathi
Class 8	zithathe	zingathathi
Class 9	ithathe	ingathathi
Class 10	zithathe	zingathathi
Class 11	luthathe	lungathathi
Class 14	buthathe	bungathathi
Class 15	kuthathe	kungathathi
Class 17	kuthathe	kungathathi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngathatha	ngangathatha, angathatha, angangathatha
2nd singular	wathatha	wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
1st plural	sathatha	sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha
2nd plural	nathatha	nangathatha, anathatha, anangathatha
Class 1	wathatha	wangathatha, akathatha, akangathatha
Class 2	bathatha	bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha
Class 3	wathatha	wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
Class 4	yathatha	yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha
Class 5	lathatha	langathatha, alathatha, alangathatha
Class 6	athatha	angathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
Class 7	sathatha	sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha
Class 8	zathatha	zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha
Class 9	yathatha	yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha
Class 10	zathatha	zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha
Class 11	lwathatha	lwangathatha, alwathatha, alwangathatha
Class 14	bathatha	bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha
Class 15	kwathatha	kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha
Class 17	kwathatha	kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “thatha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “thatha (3.9)”

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