tp ꜥ

Egyptian

Etymology

tp (“atop”) +‎ ꜥ (“arm”).

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /tɛp ɑː/
- Conventional anglicization: tep a

Preposition

(temporally) before
- c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 101–103:
  
  ḏꜥ pr(.w) jw.n m wꜣḏ-wr tp ꜥ sꜣḥ.n tꜣ
  A stormwind emerged while we were at sea, before we could set foot on land.
(spatially) before, in front of

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of tp ꜥ

tp ꜥw

[Old Kingdom]

Noun

m

forebear, ancestor

References

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 282.1–282.17
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 297

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