virul
Hungarian
Etymology
From the same Proto-Finno-Ugric root as világ + -ul (frequentative-reflexive suffix). For the vir- stem compare virág (“flower”) and virrad (“to dawn”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈvirul]
- Hyphenation: vi‧rul
- Rhymes: -ul
Conjugation
conjugation of virul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | virulok | virulsz | virul | virulunk | virultok | virulnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | virultam | virultál | virult | virultunk | virultatok | virultak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. virulni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | virulék | virulál | virula | virulánk | virulátok | virulának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. virul vala, virult vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | virulandok | virulandasz | viruland | virulandunk | virulandotok | virulandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | virulnék | virulnál | virulna | virulnánk | virulnátok | virulnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. virult volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | viruljak | virulj or viruljál |
viruljon | viruljunk | viruljatok | viruljanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. virult légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | virulni | virulnom | virulnod | virulnia | virulnunk | virulnotok | virulniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| virulás | viruló | virult | ― | virulva (virulván) | |||||
potential conjugation of virul
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | virulhatok | virulhatsz | virulhat | virulhatunk | virulhattok | virulhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | virulhattam | virulhattál | virulhatott | virulhattunk | virulhattatok | virulhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | virulhaték | virulhatál | virulhata | virulhatánk | virulhatátok | virulhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. virulhat vala, virulhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | virulhatandok or virulandhatok |
virulhatandasz or virulandhatsz |
virulhatand or virulandhat |
virulhatandunk or virulandhatunk |
virulhatandotok or virulandhattok |
virulhatandanak or virulandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | virulhatnék | virulhatnál | virulhatna | virulhatnánk | virulhatnátok | virulhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. virulhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | virulhassak | virulhass or virulhassál |
virulhasson | virulhassunk | virulhassatok | virulhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. virulhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (virulhatni) | (virulhatnom) | (virulhatnod) | (virulhatnia) | (virulhatnunk) | (virulhatnotok) | (virulhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (virulhatva / virulhatván) | ||||
Related terms
References
- virul in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- virul in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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