The common use of Vim's quickfix is to hand off compilation of code to a command specified by the suggestively named makeprg
variable and then interpret the errors printed by that command so you can quickly jump to the file, row, and column location of each error.
Vim's quickfix can be subverted and used in other ways but my question only concerns how to reproduce the above described behavior.
What Emacs feature is nearest to Vim's quickfix?