They are advertised as low tar or low nicotine. The assumption is that they are therefore less bad for your health.
In general: Nicotine value ranges from 0.1 to 1.1 mg. Tar value ranges from 1 to 14 mg.
They are advertised as low tar or low nicotine. The assumption is that they are therefore less bad for your health.
In general: Nicotine value ranges from 0.1 to 1.1 mg. Tar value ranges from 1 to 14 mg.
Probably yes on lung cancer, no for other diseases, but it's really hard to say.
Apparently, this 'trend' isn't very new - it goes back to the 1960s, though back then low-tar cigarettes contained more tar than you specify in your question. The National Cancer Institute has a looong monograph on this with data from the past decades: Risks Associated with Smoking Cigarettes with Low Machine Measured Yields of Tar and Nicotine. I am not even going to pretend I read all of that.
The chapter Smoking Lower Yield Cigarettes and Disease Risks is in itself 94 pages long, but is summarized in the paper Health impact of “reduced yield” cigarettes: a critical assessment of the epidemiological evidence.
Apparantly, it's not very clear-cut, the primary problem being that there's so many confunders when looking at epidemiological (population-based) data:
From the conclusions, emphasis mine:
Epidemiological studies have not consistently found lesser risk of diseases, other than lung cancer, among smokers of reduced yield cigarettes. Some studies have found lesser risks of lung cancer among smokers of reduced yield cigarettes. Some or all of this reduction in lung cancer risk may reflect differing characteristics of smokers of reduced-yield compared to higher-yield cigarettes.
Now, the National Cancer Institute is not generally a fan of cigarettes, so they are probably going to recommend against low-tar/nicotine cigarettes in any case. It does seem to be the case that if the number of cigarettes is kept constant, the risk of lung cancer decreases with tar content. The same is not necessarily the case for other risks, like that of coronary heart disease, stroke, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.