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Too few inodes can result in you not being able to store anymore files. What is the the downside of having many inodes ? (more than default)

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Inodes reserve space on the disk that cannot be used for storing your data. That is about the only issue.

mdpc
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Any operation that scans the inode table will be slower. This can affect fsck or other recovery functions. Also, when the inode table is cached this can take up memory. This answer may also provide insight

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    I believe that the only inodes that are cached in memory are those that are active (open, in the process of being exec'ed, somebody's working directory, a mount point, etc.). A larger number of inodes allocated in the filesystem on disk should not affect the usage of the in-memory inode table. – Scott - Слава Україні Mar 17 '15 at 04:22