I'm now using an Apple 32-inch "Pro Display XDR" monitor on a macOS system with Xquartz in full resolution (starting it with full-screen mode enabled using xrander -s 6016x3384), and Xfig is one of the few apps that so far still refuses all attempts to get even its menu fonts to resize relative to the screen resolution.
However a quick and dirty hack on macOS with Xquartz in full-screen full-res mode is to open Xfig in the top-left corner of the full-res screen, then switch back to macOS (by exiting full-screen mode), then back to Xquartz again but without changing the resolution with xrandr (i.e. just use the shortcut or menu to turn full-screen back on). Window decorations and window manager fonts will be scaled outrageously large of course, as now you can see just the top-left 1/4 of your Xquartz screen scaled to full-screen size, but you'll see Xfig clearly readable and usable in scaled mode.
This of course works for any application that is stuck in the dark ages of pixel-based layout and sizing.
Now if only macOS itself would run with the true full resolution of this display!