I'd say that's (your teacher's) a dumb, ambiguous and poorly worded question.
tar
, zip
and and cpio
are probably the ones meant to be the archiving ones as they create files that can contain an archive with several files (with their content, path and metadata) in them.
gzip
is only meant for compression, so can store only one content by itself. It does store the original file name (not path) and some metadata though. So it could still be considered as an archiver but whose archives can only store one member.
You can also concatenate gz files (though generally only the first file name is easily retrievable). It's also used for archiving in that it's typically used to compress the output of tar
.
cpio
is somewhat long in the tooth, but still around and working "mostly satisfactorily". – Chris Davies Dec 21 '15 at 14:44