I was learning to use debootstrap and forgot to include some modules when initramfs was rebuild. Later I copied over what was missing, but the missed files were not included when the system was rebooted - only after some more additions (with apt install), which triggered the initramfs rebuild, the problem was fixed.
I would have liked to trigger or force to rebuild initramfs and vmlinuz but could not find a way (my understanding of the boot process is still incomplete; thank you for enlightment!)