The shell builtin command that formats and prints data. Questions that deal with printf command or broadly using printf syntax by programming language (like awk, PHP, perl, C++...)
printf stand for print formatted. printf
is shell builtin command used to print and format data and outputs to stdout.
In addition, many programming languages like awk, C++, PHP, perl use/include printf
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Useful links:
Example of usage on this site: Why printf is better than echo?