< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frustāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *frustaz (“frost”) +‎ *-āną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɸrus.tɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*frustāną

  1. to become frosty, to freeze

Inflection
Conjugation of *frustāną (weak class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *frustō ?— ? ?
2nd singular *frustaisi ?*frustai*frustāsai ?
3rd singular *frustaiþi ?*frustāþau*frustāþai ?
1st dual *frustōs ?———
2nd dual *frustāþiz ?*frustāþiz——
1st plural *frustāmaz ?—*frustānþai ?
2nd plural *frustaiþ ?*frustaiþ*frustānþai ?
3rd plural *frustānþi ?*frustānþau*frustānþai ?
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *frustadǭ*frustadēdį̄
2nd singular *frustadēz*frustadēdīz
3rd singular *frustadē*frustadēdī
1st dual *frustadēdū*frustadēdīw
2nd dual *frustadēdudiz*frustadēdīdiz
1st plural *frustadēdum*frustadēdīm
2nd plural *frustadēdud*frustadēdīd
3rd plural *frustadēdun*frustadēdīn
present past
participles *frustāndz*frustadaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *frostēn
    • Old Frisian: frostia
    • Old Dutch: *froston
    • Old High German: *frostēn
      • ⇒ Old High German: irfrostēn
      • Middle High German: vrosten
  • Old Norse: frosta
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