< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grippōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gʰribʰnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to the root of *grīpaną (“to grip”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɣrip.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*grippōną

  1. to grasp

Inflection

The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *gripp- in the singular and *grib- in the non-singular.

Conjugation of *grippōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grippō*grippǭ—*grippōi ?
2nd singular *grippōsi*grippōs*grippō*grippōsai*grippōsau
3rd singular *grippōþi*grippō*grippōþau*grippōþai*grippōþau
1st dual *grippōs*grippōw———
2nd dual *grippōþiz*grippōþiz*grippōþiz——
1st plural *grippōmaz*grippōm—*grippōnþai*grippōnþau
2nd plural *grippōþ*grippōþ*grippōþ*grippōnþai*grippōnþau
3rd plural *grippōnþi*grippōn*grippōnþau*grippōnþai*grippōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *grippōdǭ*grippōdēdį̄
2nd singular *grippōdēz*grippōdēdīz
3rd singular *grippōdē*grippōdēdī
1st dual *grippōdēdū*grippōdēdīw
2nd dual *grippōdēdudiz*grippōdēdīdiz
1st plural *grippōdēdum*grippōdēdīm
2nd plural *grippōdēdud*grippōdēdīd
3rd plural *grippōdēdun*grippōdēdīn
present past
participles *grippōndz*grippōdaz

Descendants
  • Middle Dutch: grippen
    • (Dutch: gribbelen)
  • Alsatian: grippen (?)
  • (Old Norse: gripla)

References
  • Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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