< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jeukāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Likely from *yewǵ- (“to excite”). Possibly related to Proto-West Germanic *jukkjan. Middle High German jouchen (“to chase”) is likely related but seems to show a different ablaut grade.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈjeu̯.kɑː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*jeukāną[1]

  1. to fight, conquer, overcome

Inflection
Conjugation of *jeukāną (weak class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *jeukō ?— ? ?
2nd singular *jeukaisi ?*jeukai*jeukāsai ?
3rd singular *jeukaiþi ?*jeukāþau*jeukāþai ?
1st dual *jeukōs ?———
2nd dual *jeukāþiz ?*jeukāþiz——
1st plural *jeukāmaz ?—*jeukānþai ?
2nd plural *jeukaiþ ?*jeukaiþ*jeukānþai ?
3rd plural *jeukānþi ?*jeukānþau*jeukānþai ?
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *jeukadǭ*jeukadēdį̄
2nd singular *jeukadēz*jeukadēdīz
3rd singular *jeukadē*jeukadēdī
1st dual *jeukadēdū*jeukadēdīw
2nd dual *jeukadēdudiz*jeukadēdīdiz
1st plural *jeukadēdum*jeukadēdīm
2nd plural *jeukadēdud*jeukadēdīd
3rd plural *jeukadēdun*jeukadēdīn
present past
participles *jeukāndz*jeukadaz

Descendants
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *jeukr
    • Old English: ġēocor
  • Gothic: 𐌾𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽 (jiukan)

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*jeukēnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 206
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