< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/klankijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *klinganą +‎ *-janą. A variant of *klangijaną that arose due to the influence of an unattested iterative. [1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈklɑŋ.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*klankijaną[1]

  1. to make stick, to make cling

Inflection
Conjugation of *klankijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klankijō*klankijaų—*klankijai ?
2nd singular *klankīsi*klankijais*klankī*klankijasai*klankijaisau
3rd singular *klankīþi*klankijai*klankijaþau*klankijaþai*klankijaiþau
1st dual *klankijōs*klankijaiw———
2nd dual *klankijaþiz*klankijaiþiz*klankijaþiz——
1st plural *klankijamaz*klankijaim—*klankijanþai*klankijainþau
2nd plural *klankīþ*klankijaiþ*klankīþ*klankijanþai*klankijainþau
3rd plural *klankijanþi*klankijain*klankijanþau*klankijanþai*klankijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *klankidǭ*klankidēdį̄
2nd singular *klankidēz*klankidēdīz
3rd singular *klankidē*klankidēdī
1st dual *klankidēdū*klankidēdīw
2nd dual *klankidēdudiz*klankidēdīdiz
1st plural *klankidēdum*klankidēdīm
2nd plural *klankidēdud*klankidēdīd
3rd plural *klankidēdun*klankidēdīn
present past
participles *klankijandz*klankidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *klankijan
    • Old English: *clenċan
      • Middle English: clenchen
      • ⇒ Old English: beclencan
    • Old High German: klenken

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*klangjan- ~ *klankjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291
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