< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knīpaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneybʰ-. The root final -p was adopted from the iterative *knippōną.
Likely related to *hnīpaną, but it's unclear how the variation of the initial consonant arose.
Inflection
Conjugation of *knīpaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *knīpō | *knīpaų | — | *knīpai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *knīpizi | *knīpaiz | *knīp | *knīpazai | *knīpaizau |
| 3rd singular | *knīpidi | *knīpai | *knīpadau | *knīpadai | *knīpaidau |
| 1st dual | *knīpōz | *knīpaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *knīpadiz | *knīpaidiz | *knīpadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *knīpamaz | *knīpaim | — | *knīpandai | *knīpaindau |
| 2nd plural | *knīpid | *knīpaid | *knīpid | *knīpandai | *knīpaindau |
| 3rd plural | *knīpandi | *knīpain | *knīpandau | *knīpandai | *knīpaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *knaip | *knipį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *knaift | *knipīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *knaip | *knipī | |||
| 1st dual | *knipū | *knipīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *knipudiz | *knipīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *knipum | *knipīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *knipud | *knipīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *knipun | *knipīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *knīpandz | *knipanaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*knīpan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 297
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*knīpanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 218
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