< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rupatjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *rupitjaną

Etymology

From *rupōną (“to belch”) +‎ *-atjaną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈru.pɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*rupatjaną[1][2]

  1. to belch

Inflection
Conjugation of *rupatjaną (weak class 1 j-present)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rupatjō*rupatjaų—*rupatjai ?
2nd singular *rupatisi*rupatjais*rupati*rupatjasai*rupatjaisau
3rd singular *rupatiþi*rupatjai*rupatjaþau*rupatjaþai*rupatjaiþau
1st dual *rupatjōs*rupatjaiw———
2nd dual *rupatjaþiz*rupatjaiþiz*rupatjaþiz——
1st plural *rupatjamaz*rupatjaim—*rupatjanþai*rupatjainþau
2nd plural *rupatiþ*rupatjaiþ*rupatiþ*rupatjanþai*rupatjainþau
3rd plural *rupatjanþi*rupatjain*rupatjanþau*rupatjanþai*rupatjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rupastǭ*rupastēdį̄
2nd singular *rupastēz*rupastēdīz
3rd singular *rupastē*rupastēdī
1st dual *rupastēdū*rupastēdīw
2nd dual *rupastēdudiz*rupastēdīdiz
1st plural *rupastēdum*rupastēdīm
2nd plural *rupastēdud*rupastēdīd
3rd plural *rupastēdun*rupastēdīn
present past
participles *rupatjandz*rupatidaz
  • *rapitjaną
    • Old Norse: repta
  • *raupitjaną
    • Old Norse: reypta

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *ropattjan
    • Old Saxon: *ropettian
      • Middle Low German: ropsen (influenced by Middle High German)
    • Old High German: ropfezzen, roffezzen
      • Middle High German: roffezen, rofzen
  • Old Norse: rypta (< *rupitjaną)

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*rupatjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 308-309
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*rup(p)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 418: “*rupatjan-”
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