< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/safjaną
Proto-Germanic
Alternative forms
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *sh̥́₁p-ye-, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁p-. Related to Latin sapiō.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsɑɸ.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *safjaną (strong class 6 j-present)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *safjō | *safjaų | — | *safjai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *safisi | *safjais | *safi | *safjasai | *safjaisau |
| 3rd singular | *safiþi | *safjai | *safjaþau | *safjaþai | *safjaiþau |
| 1st dual | *safjōs | *safjaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *safjaþiz | *safjaiþiz | *safjaþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *safjamaz | *safjaim | — | *safjanþai | *safjainþau |
| 2nd plural | *safiþ | *safjaiþ | *safiþ | *safjanþai | *safjainþau |
| 3rd plural | *safjanþi | *safjain | *safjanþau | *safjanþai | *safjainþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sōf | *sōbį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *sōft | *sōbīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sōf | *sōbī | |||
| 1st dual | *sōbū | *sōbīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sōbudiz | *sōbīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sōbum | *sōbīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sōbud | *sōbīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sōbun | *sōbīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *safjandz | *sabanaz | |||
Descendants
- Old Saxon: anseffian, biseffian
- Old High German: intseffen
- Middle High German: entseben
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*safjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 419-420
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 538-539
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