< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wakrōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *wakraz (“awake”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈwɑk.rɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*wakrōną[1]

  1. to wake up, to rouse

Inflection
Conjugation of *wakrōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wakrō*wakrǭ—*wakrōi ?
2nd singular *wakrōsi*wakrōs*wakrō*wakrōsai*wakrōsau
3rd singular *wakrōþi*wakrō*wakrōþau*wakrōþai*wakrōþau
1st dual *wakrōs*wakrōw———
2nd dual *wakrōþiz*wakrōþiz*wakrōþiz——
1st plural *wakrōmaz*wakrōm—*wakrōnþai*wakrōnþau
2nd plural *wakrōþ*wakrōþ*wakrōþ*wakrōnþai*wakrōnþau
3rd plural *wakrōnþi*wakrōn*wakrōnþau*wakrōnþai*wakrōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wakrōdǭ*wakrōdēdį̄
2nd singular *wakrōdēz*wakrōdēdīz
3rd singular *wakrōdē*wakrōdēdī
1st dual *wakrōdēdū*wakrōdēdīw
2nd dual *wakrōdēdudiz*wakrōdēdīdiz
1st plural *wakrōdēdum*wakrōdēdīm
2nd plural *wakrōdēdud*wakrōdēdīd
3rd plural *wakrōdēdun*wakrōdēdīn
present past
participles *wakrōndz*wakrōdaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *wak(k)rōn
    • Old Frisian: wekkria
      • ⇒ West Frisian: oanwakkerje
    • Old Saxon: *wakkaron
      • Middle Low German: *wackeren
        • ⇒ Middle Low German: vörwackeren
    • Old Dutch: *wakkaron
    • Old High German: *wakkarōn
      • ⇒ Old High German: irwakkarōn
        • Middle High German: erwackeren
  • Old Norse: vakra

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wakrōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 442
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