< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrimpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *wer- (“to turn, twist”). Compare Ancient Greek ῥέμβω (rhémbō, “I turn in circles”). Possibly a Blend of *wringaną (“to squeeze, to twist”) +‎ *hrimpaną (“to wrinkle, to shrink”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈwrim.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*wrimpaną[1]

  1. to grimace, to wince

Inflection
Conjugation of *wrimpaną (strong class 3)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wrimpō*wrimpaų—*wrimpai ?
2nd singular *wrimpizi*wrimpaiz*wrimp*wrimpazai*wrimpaizau
3rd singular *wrimpidi*wrimpai*wrimpadau*wrimpadai*wrimpaidau
1st dual *wrimpōz*wrimpaiw———
2nd dual *wrimpadiz*wrimpaidiz*wrimpadiz——
1st plural *wrimpamaz*wrimpaim—*wrimpandai*wrimpaindau
2nd plural *wrimpid*wrimpaid*wrimpid*wrimpandai*wrimpaindau
3rd plural *wrimpandi*wrimpain*wrimpandau*wrimpandai*wrimpaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *wramp*wrumpį̄
2nd singular *wramft*wrumpīz
3rd singular *wramp*wrumpī
1st dual *wrumpū*wrumpīw
2nd dual *wrumpudiz*wrumpīdiz
1st plural *wrumpum*wrumpīm
2nd plural *wrumpud*wrumpīd
3rd plural *wrumpun*wrumpīn
present past
participles *wrimpandz*wrumpanaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *wrimpan
    • Old Saxon: *wrimpan
      • Middle Low German: wrimpen
    • Old Dutch: *wrimpan
      • Middle Dutch: wrimpen, wrempen
        • Dutch: wrimpen (dated)
    • Old High German: *rimpfan
      • Middle High German: rimpfen

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wrempanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 472
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