< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/drězga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *drēˀgskāˀ. Equivalent to *drěgavъ (“murky, turbid”) +‎ *-zgъ +‎ *-a.

Seems to be related with the nasalized *dręzga (“scuffle; dense forest”). Similar alternation between plain and nasalized roots is encountered also in Baltic: compare Lithuanian drėgnas (“damp, wet, moist”) and Latvian drę̂gns (“damp, moist”), Lithuanian drangus (“rainy, bad (for weather)”).[1] Based on Derksen, it could be speculated that all these terms continue Proto-Indo-European *dʰerg-/*dʰreg- (“dark, dim”). Akin to Proto-West Germanic *derk (“dark”), Proto-Celtic *dergos (“crimson”), Tocharian A tärkär/Tocharian B tarkär (“cloud”).

Noun

*drězgà f

  1. murky, unclear space
    → dense shrubs or grove
  2. sort of hydrophilic plant (watermilfoil or water-parsnip)
  3. sliver, splinter

Declension
Declension of *drězga (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *drězga *drězdzě *drězgy
genitive *drězgy *drězgu *drězgъ
dative *drězdzě *drězgama *drězgamъ
accusative *drězgǫ *drězdzě *drězgy
instrumental *drězgojǫ, *drězgǫ** *drězgama *drězgami
locative *drězdzě *drězgu *drězgasъ, *drězgaxъ*
vocative *drězgo *drězdzě *drězgy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *drězgavъ (“murky, muddy, unclear”) (doublet of *drěgavъ)
  • *drěždžati (“to stand still, to stiffen”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: дрезга́ (drezgá) (dialectal)
  • South Slavic:
    • Bulgarian: дрезга́ (drezgá, “small murky/dense forest”)
    • Macedonian: дрезга (drezga, “water-parsnip”)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: дре̑зга, дре̏зга (“watermilfoil”)
      Latin script: drijezga
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: dřiezha
    • Polish: drzazga (“splinter”), dial. drzezga

Further reading
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*drězga”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрезга”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 424

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2015) “drėgnas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
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