< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pris(ь)nъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Stang, Miklosich, Mladenov and Ilyinsky suggested derivation from *pri- + *jistьnъ, as in *jistъ. Reconstruction as *pri-stъ, and derivation from *pri- + *-stъ is rejected by Sobolevsky.
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *pris(ь)nъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *prisnъ | *prisna | *prisno |
| genitive | *prisna | *prisny | *prisna |
| dative | *prisnu | *prisně | *prisnu |
| accusative | *prisnъ | *prisnǫ | *prisno |
| instrumental | *prisnomь | *prisnojǫ | *prisnomь |
| locative | *prisně | *prisně | *prisně |
| vocative | *prisne | *prisno | *prisno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| genitive | *prisnu | *prisnu | *prisnu |
| dative | *prisnoma | *prisnama | *prisnoma |
| accusative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| instrumental | *prisnoma | *prisnama | *prisnoma |
| locative | *prisnu | *prisnu | *prisnu |
| vocative | *prisna | *prisně | *prisně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *prisni | *prisny | *prisna |
| genitive | *prisnъ | *prisnъ | *prisnъ |
| dative | *prisnomъ | *prisnamъ | *prisnomъ |
| accusative | *prisny | *prisny | *prisna |
| instrumental | *prisny | *prisnami | *prisny |
| locative | *prisněxъ | *prisnaxъ | *prisněxъ |
| vocative | *prisni | *prisny | *prisna |
Definite declension of *pris(ь)nъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *prisnъjь | *prisnaja | *prisnoje |
| genitive | *prisnajego | *prisnyję̇ | *prisnajego |
| dative | *prisnujemu | *prisněji | *prisnujemu |
| accusative | *prisnъjь | *prisnǫjǫ | *prisnoje |
| instrumental | *prisnyjimь | *prisnǫjǫ | *prisnyjimь |
| locative | *prisnějemь | *prisněji | *prisnějemь |
| vocative | *prisnъjь | *prisnaja | *prisnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| genitive | *prisnuju | *prisnuju | *prisnuju |
| dative | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima |
| accusative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| instrumental | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima | *prisnyjima |
| locative | *prisnuju | *prisnuju | *prisnuju |
| vocative | *prisnaja | *prisněji | *prisněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *prisniji | *prisnyję̇ | *prisnaja |
| genitive | *prisnъjixъ | *prisnъjixъ | *prisnъjixъ |
| dative | *prisnyjimъ | *prisnyjimъ | *prisnyjimъ |
| accusative | *prisnyję̇ | *prisnyję̇ | *prisnaja |
| instrumental | *prisnyjimi | *prisnyjimi | *prisnyjimi |
| locative | *prisnyjixъ | *prisnyjixъ | *prisnyjixъ |
| vocative | *prisniji | *prisnyję̇ | *prisnaja |
Derived terms
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: присьнъ (prisĭnŭ)
- Old Ruthenian: присный (prisnyj), прысны (prysny)
- Ukrainian: прісни́й (prisnýj)
- Russian: при́сный (prísnyj, “true, eternal; close”) (obsolete)
- Old Ruthenian: присный (prisnyj), прысны (prysny)
- Old East Slavic: присьнъ (prisĭnŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic script: приснъ (prisnŭ)
- Glagolitic script: ⱂⱃⰻⱄⱀⱏ (prisnŭ)
- Macedonian: присен (prisen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: при̑снӣ
- Latin script: prȋsnī
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: přísný (“strict”)
- Slovak: prísný (“strict”)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “при́сный”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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