< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuldijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *skuldi +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*skuldijan

  1. to accuse

Inflection
Class 1 weak
Infinitive *skuldijan
1st sg. past *skuldidā
Infinitive *skuldijan
Genitive infin. *skuldijannjas
Dative infin. *skuldijannjē
Instrum. infin. *skuldijannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *skuldiju *skuldidā
2nd singular *skuldisi *skuldidēs, *skuldidōs
3rd singular *skuldiþi *skuldidē, *skuldidā
1st plural *skuldijum *skuldidum
2nd plural *skuldiþ *skuldidud
3rd plural *skuldijanþ *skuldidun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *skuldijē *skuldidī
2nd singular *skuldijēs *skuldidī
3rd singular *skuldijē *skuldidī
1st plural *skuldijēm *skuldidīm
2nd plural *skuldijēþ *skuldidīd
3rd plural *skuldijēn *skuldidīn
Imperative Present
Singular *skuldi
Plural *skuldiþ
Present Past
Participle *skuldijandī *skuldid

Descendants
  • Old English: sċyldan
  • Old Frisian: *skelda
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: bonskelda
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: urskelda
  • Old Saxon: *skuldian
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: farskuldian
    • ⇒ Old Saxon: giskuldian
  • Old Dutch: *skulden
  • Old High German: skulden
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