< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skuldōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *skuldiz (“obligation, debt”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈskul.dɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*skuldōną

  1. to owe

Inflection
Conjugation of *skuldōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skuldō*skuldǭ—*skuldōi ?
2nd singular *skuldōsi*skuldōs*skuldō*skuldōsai*skuldōsau
3rd singular *skuldōþi*skuldō*skuldōþau*skuldōþai*skuldōþau
1st dual *skuldōs*skuldōw———
2nd dual *skuldōþiz*skuldōþiz*skuldōþiz——
1st plural *skuldōmaz*skuldōm—*skuldōnþai*skuldōnþau
2nd plural *skuldōþ*skuldōþ*skuldōþ*skuldōnþai*skuldōnþau
3rd plural *skuldōnþi*skuldōn*skuldōnþau*skuldōnþai*skuldōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *skuldōdǭ*skuldōdēdį̄
2nd singular *skuldōdēz*skuldōdēdīz
3rd singular *skuldōdē*skuldōdēdī
1st dual *skuldōdēdū*skuldōdēdīw
2nd dual *skuldōdēdudiz*skuldōdēdīdiz
1st plural *skuldōdēdum*skuldōdēdīm
2nd plural *skuldōdēdud*skuldōdēdīd
3rd plural *skuldōdēdun*skuldōdēdīn
present past
participles *skuldōndz*skuldōdaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *skuldōn
    • Old Saxon: *skuldōn
    • Old High German: skuldōn
  • Old Norse: *skulda
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