Reconstruction:Proto-Permic/ku̇tkini

This Proto-Permic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Permic

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *kütke-. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *kütkedäk.

Verb

*ku̇tkini (stem *ku̇tk-)

(transitive) to yoke; harness

Conjugation

Conjugation of ku̇tkini (stem: ku̇tk-)
Note: The Proto-Permic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
	Present	Future	Preterite	Perfect
1st singular	*ku̇tka		*ku̇tki	*ku̇tkämi
2nd singular	*ku̇tkad		*ku̇tkid	*ku̇tkämid
3rd singular	*ku̇tkä	*ku̇tkas	*ku̇tki	*ku̇tkämi
1st plural	*ku̇tkami		*ku̇tkimi	*ku̇tkämmi
2nd plural	*ku̇tkadi		*ku̇tkidi	*ku̇tkämdi
3rd plural	*ku̇tka	*ku̇tkazi	*ku̇tki	*ku̇tkämi
	Imperative	Connegative
Singular	*ku̇tki		Infinitive	*ku̇tkini
Plural	*ku̇tkä		Gerund	*ku̇tkiman
	Present participle	Imperfect participle	Perfect participle	Caritive participle
	*ku̇tkiś	*ku̇tkan	*ku̇tkäm	*ku̇tkitäm

Descendants

Udmurt: кыткыны (kytkyny)
- Beserman: көткөнө (kåtkånå)

References

Sándor Csúcs (2005) Die Rekonstruktion der Permischen Grundsprache (Bibliotheca Uralica; 13) (in German), Akadémiai Kiadó, →ISBN, page 346

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