< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hneupaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *knew-, *kenw- (“to scratch, scrape, rub”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxneu̯.pɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hneupaną[1][2]

  1. to pluck, tear

Inflection
Conjugation of *hneupaną (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hneupō*hneupaų—*hneupai ?
2nd singular *hniupizi*hneupaiz*hneup*hneupazai*hneupaizau
3rd singular *hniupidi*hneupai*hneupadau*hneupadai*hneupaidau
1st dual *hneupōz*hneupaiw———
2nd dual *hneupadiz*hneupaidiz*hneupadiz——
1st plural *hneupamaz*hneupaim—*hneupandai*hneupaindau
2nd plural *hniupid*hneupaid*hniupid*hneupandai*hneupaindau
3rd plural *hneupandi*hneupain*hneupandau*hneupandai*hneupaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnaup*hnupį̄
2nd singular *hnauft*hnupīz
3rd singular *hnaup*hnupī
1st dual *hnupū*hnupīw
2nd dual *hnupudiz*hnupīdiz
1st plural *hnupum*hnupīm
2nd plural *hnupud*hnupīd
3rd plural *hnupun*hnupīn
present past
participles *hneupandz*hnupanaz

Descendants
  • Old English: *hnēopan (in combination: āhnēopan)
  • Old Norse: *hnjúpa
    • Old Swedish: niupa
  • Gothic: *𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (*hniupan) (in combination: 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽 (dishniupan))

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hneupan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 235
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*xneupanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 180
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