< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sek-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Root

*sek-[4]

  1. to cut, cut off, sever
    Synonym: *ḱes-

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sek-‎ (42 c, 0 e)
  • *sek-eh₂-yé-ti[5] or *sek-h₁-yé-ti[1][2]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sekā́ˀtei
      • Proto-Slavic: *sěkati
    • Proto-Italic: *sekajō[1][2]
      • Latin: secō (see there for further descendants)
  • *sk-éy-ti (*éy-present)
  • *h₁en-sek-[4][5]
    • Proto-Celtic: *ensek-[6]
      • Middle Irish: eiscid (“cuts off”)
  • *sék-no-m[4]
  • *sēk-teh₂-[4][5]
    • Albanian: shat (“hoe, mattock”)
  • *sḗk-ti ~ *sék-n̥ti (root present)[1]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sektei[8]
      • Proto-Slavic: *sěťi (“to cut”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *sék-tleh₂[4]
    • Proto-Italic:
      • Latin: secula (see there for further descendants)
  • *sek-ūr-
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *sekyra (“axe”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic:
      • Latin: secūris (see there for further descendants)
  • *sek-yeh₂-[9]
  • *sek-yó-m[4][9]
    • Proto-Germanic: *segją (“hard skin”)[9]
  • *sok-éh₂[5]
    • Proto-Germanic: *sagō[5] (see there for further descendants)
  • *(s)ker- (perhaps)
  • *(s)kh₂-éy-d(H)- (perhaps)
*sek-s-
  • *séks-keh₂[4]
    • Proto-Celtic: *sexskā, *sexskis (“rushes, sedge”)[6]
      • Proto-Brythonic:
        • Middle Breton: hesk
          • Breton: hesq
        • Cornish: heschen, hesc
        • Middle Welsh: hescenn
      • Middle Irish: seise
  • *séks-u-s
    • Proto-Italic: *seksus
      • Latin: sexus (see there for further descendants)
  • *soks-ó-m[10]
    • Proto-Germanic: *sahsą[10] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Italic: *saksom
Unsorted formations
  • Latin: sacēna
  • (possibly) Proto-Germanic: *seglą (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*sekH-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 524
  2. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page secō, -āre of 550-551
  3. Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  4. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “sĕk-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 895-896
  5. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sagō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 421
  6. Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sex-skā/ī-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 331
  7. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page sīgnum
  8. Derksen, Rick (2015) “įsėkti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 205
  9. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*segja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 430
  10. Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sahsa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 421
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