Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/burčak

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From an unknown noun Proto-Turkic *bur (<*bukr) +‎ *-čak (diminutive suffix).

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *buxurcag (“pea”), Proto-Tungusic *boka-ri (“pea”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Noun

*burčak

bean, pea

Declension

Declension of *burčak

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*burčak
Accusative	burčaknï, burčakïg ⁴⁾, *burčaknïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*burčaknïŋ
Dative	*burčakka
Locative	*burčakda
Ablative	*burčakdan
Allative	*burčakgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*burčakïn
Equative ²⁾	*burčakča
Similative ²⁾	*burčaklayu
Comitative ²⁾	*burčaklïgu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: пăрҫа (părś̬a)
  - → Eastern Mari: пурса (pursa)
  - → Western Mari: пырса (pyrsa)
- → Hungarian: borsó
Common Turkic: *burčak

Proto-Oghuz: *burčak
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Ottoman Turkish: بورچاق (burçak), بورجاق (burcak)
      - Gagauz: borçaq
      - Turkish: burçak
      - → Middle Armenian: պուռչախ (puṙčʻax)
- East Oghuz:
  - Turkmen: burçak
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بُرْچَقْ (burčaq)
  - Khorezmian Turkic:
    - Chagatai: [script needed] (burçaq)
      - Uzbek: burchoq
      - Uyghur: پۇرچاق (purchaq)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: [script needed] (burçaq)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Bashkir: борсаҡ (borsaq)
    - Tatar: борчак (borçaq)
  - West Kipchak:
    - Karachay-Balkar: бурчакъ (burçaq)
    - Karaim: бурчакъ (burçaq), бурчах (burçax)
    - Kumyk: бурчакъ (burçaq)
  - South Kipchak:
    - Caspian:
      - Kazakh: бұршақ (būrşaq)
      - Karakalpak: burshaq
      - Nogai: [script needed] (burşaq)
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      - Kyrgyz: буурчак (buurcak)
      - Southern Altai: мырчак (mïrčak)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic:
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (burçaq)
    - Western Yugur: pırçaq
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Shor: мырчақ (mïrčaq)
→? Proto-Mongolic: *buxurcag
- → Kyrgyz: буурчак (buurcak)

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*burčak”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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barley: *arpa	beans, peas: *burčak	farro, wheat: *bugday
jujube: *yidge	strawberry: *yidgelek	apple: *almïla
hazelnut: *bōńurï	walnut: *yaŋgak	honey: *bạl
millet: *tạrïg	onion: *sōgun	salt: *tūŕ
egg: *yumurtka	butter: *yāg	mushroom: *kömbe
radish: turp, turma	carrot: *turma