Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/buŕagu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Presumably from *buŕ-a- (“to bear a calf”) +‎ *-gu.

Noun

buŕagu

calf (baby cow)

Declension

Declension of *buŕagu

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*buŕagu
Accusative	buŕagunï, buŕagug ⁴⁾, *buŕagunïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*buŕagunïŋ
Dative	*buŕaguka
Locative	*buŕaguda
Ablative	*buŕagudan
Allative	*buŕagugaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*buŕagun
Equative ²⁾	*buŕaguča
Similative ²⁾	*buŕagulayu
Comitative ²⁾	*buŕagulugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

*buŕagu-la-

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: пӑру (păru)
- → Hungarian: borjú
- → Proto-Mongolic: *biraxu
  - Mongolian: бяруу (bjaruu)
  - → Evenki: боро (boro)
Common Turkic: *buzagu

Proto-Oghuz: *buzaɣu
- West Oghuz:
  - Old Anatolian Turkish:
    - Azerbaijani: buzov
    - Ottoman Turkish: بوزاغو (buzağu)
      - Gagauz: buzaa
      - Turkish: buzağı
- Salar: buzı
- Turkmen: buzaw
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بُزاغُو (buzāɣū)
  - Chagatai: بوزاغو (buzaɣu), بوزاغ (buzaɣ)
    - Uzbek: buzoq
    - Uyghur: موزاي (mozay)
Kipchak:
- Kipchak: بوزاو (buzaw)
  - Mamluk-Kipchak: بوزاغو (buzaɣu), بوزاو (buzawu)
  - North Kipchak:
    - Bashkir: быҙау (bıźaw)
    - Tatar: бозау (bozaw)
  - West Kipchak:
    - Karachay-Balkar: бузоу (buzou)
    - Krymchak: бузов
    - Kumyk: бузав (buzaw)
  - South Kipchak:
    - Caspian:
      - Kazakh: бұзау (būzau)
      - Karakalpak: бузаў, buzaw
      - Nogai: бузав (buzav)
    - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      - Kyrgyz: музоо (muzoo)
      - Southern Altai: бозу (bozu)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆𐰕𐰍𐰆 (b¹uzǧu /⁠buzaɣu⁠/)
  - Old Uyghur: pwz՚γw (buzaɣu)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tuvan: бызаа (bızaa)
  - Yenisei Turkic:
    - Khakas: пызо (pızo)


dog: *ït	hunting dog: *eker	hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü	cow: *ingek	calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	horse: *at
foal: *kulun	worm: *kūrt	snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü	goat: *keči	he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan	fish: *bālïk	carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek	carp: *siāŕgan	catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ	hedgehog: *kirpi	badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek	wasp, bee: *ārï	gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe	louse: *bït	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz	colt: *sïp	dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bi̯ŏ́ŕu”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “buza:ğu:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 391

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