Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kūrt

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

The meaning wolf seen exclusively in Oghuz is likely due to taboo speech. Compare Turkmen möjek (“wolf”) from *bȫgček (“insect”).

Noun

*kūrt

worm
(Oghuz) wolf

Declension

Declension of *kūrt

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*kūrt
Accusative	kūrtnï, kūrtug ⁴⁾, *kūrtnïg ¹⁾
Genitive	*kūrtnïŋ
Dative	*kūrtka
Locative	*kūrtda
Ablative	*kūrtdan
Allative	*kūrtgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*kūrtun
Equative ²⁾	*kūrtča
Similative ²⁾	*kūrtlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*kūrtlugu

¹⁾ Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
⁴⁾ Found in the Old Turkic era.

Derived terms

*kūrt-čuk (“small worm, maggot”)

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: хорт (hort), хурт (hurt)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: qûrt
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: qurd
  - Ottoman Turkish: قورت (kurt), (diminutive) قورتجغز (kurtcağız)
    - Turkish: kurt, (diminutive) kurtçuk
    - Gagauz: курт, kurt
- Turkmen: gurt, (diminutive) gurçuk
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قُرْتْ (qurt)
  - Uyghur: قۇرۇت (qurut)
  - Uzbek: qurt
Kipchak:
- Kypchak-Bulgar:
  - Tatar: корт (qort), qort
  - Bashkir: ҡорт (qort)
- Kypchak-Nogai:
  - Karakalpak: qurt
  - Kazakh: құрт (qūrt)
- Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: курт (kurt)
- Kipchak–Cuman:
  - Crimean Tatar: къурт, qurt
  - Karaim: курт
  - Karachay-Balkar: къурт (qurt)
  - Kumyk: хурт (xurt)
- North Kypchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡорт (qort)
Siberian:
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: ӄуърт
    - Tuvan: курт (kurt)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: хурт (xurt)
    - Western Yugur: қурт


dog: *ït	hunting dog: *eker	hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü	cow: *ingek	calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	horse: *at
foal: *kulun	worm: *kūrt	snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü	goat: *keči	he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan	fish: *bālïk	carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek	carp: *siāŕgan	catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ	hedgehog: *kirpi	badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek	wasp, bee: *ārï	gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe	louse: *bït	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz	colt: *sïp	dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Nişanyan, Sevan (2022-08-08) “kurt”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kurt”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 648
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*Kūrt”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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